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FHA 203k loan requirements for 2021

A 203k is a subtype of the popular FHA loan, which is meant to help those who might not otherwise qualify for a mortgage.

FHA’s flexibility makes 203k qualification drastically easier than for a typical construction loan.

203k credit score requirements

FHA allows credit scores down to 580, although some lenders might require a score of 620-640 to qualify for a 203k loan.

Still, that’s much lower than the 720 or higher you would probably need for a conventional construction loan.

Minimum down payment

FHA requires just a 3.5 percent down payment, based on the purchase price and total project cost. For instance:

Home price: $200,000
Total project cost: $25,000
Down payment: $7,875 (3.5% of $225,000)
You can receive 100 percent of your down payment requirement via a gift from family or an approved non-profit organization.

Income and debt requirements

Lenders will examine your debt-to-income ratio, too. This is the comparison of your monthly income and debt payments.

Typically, less than 43 percent of your income should go toward your proposed mortgage payment plus all other debts.

That’s $430 in payments per $1,000 of before-tax income.

For example, if your income is $5,000 per month, your future house payment plus auto loan payments, student loan payments, and credit card bills shouldn’t exceed $2,150 per month.

Loan amount

Using an FHA 203k loan, you can borrow up to 110% of the property’s proposed future value, or the home price plus renovation costs, whichever is less.

But keep in mind that your total loan amount can’t be higher than your region’s FHA loan limits.

Occupancy

You must plan to live in the property you are buying. If you plan to fix and flip as an investment property, the 203k loan isn’t for you.

Citizenship

All FHA loans are available to U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents. Lenders will verify citizenship status at time of application.

Verify your 203k loan program eligibility (Oct 17th, 2021)
FHA 203(k) lenders

Not every mortgage lender originates 203(k) loans, and not every loan officer or mortgage broker understands the process.

You’ll want to make sure that the company you work with is approved to do this loan and does a lot of them.

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has a helpful search page you can use to determine if the lender you want to use has done at least one 203k rehab loan in the last 12 months.

You just type in the lender name at the top, scroll down, and check the box for 203k rehabilitation mortgage insurance program.

203k loan rates and mortgage insurance

Mortgage rates are somewhat higher for FHA 203k loans than for standard FHA loans.

Expect to receive a rate about 0.75% to 1.0% higher than for a standard FHA mortgage.

Still, base FHA rates are some of the lowest on the market, so 203k rates are competitive.

You’ll also pay FHA mortgage insurance. This costs 1.75% of the full loan amount as a lump sum (usually rolled into the loan) and 0.85% yearly (broken into 12 equal monthly payments).

On a $250,000 loan, that’s $4,375 upfront and an extra $177 per month.

Verify your FHA 203k loan eligibility here (Oct 17th, 2021)
What repairs can I do?

There are two types of 203k loans. Which one you choose depends on the extent of the repair work.

Limited 203k mortgage (formerly known as the ‘Streamline 203k’)

This option allows you to do most cosmetic repair work, including things like kitchens and bathrooms.

The stated limit to costs is $35,000. However, an FHA 203k loan requires a “buffer” equal to 15 percent of the total bids.

This buffer is called a contingency. It’s a “just in case” fund to cover cost overruns by your contractor. (If the contingency fund is not used, it is credited back to you).

So, your “real” maximum repair costs can be around $31,000.

Most non-structural, non-luxury items are acceptable:

Kitchen and bathroom remodels
Appliance replacement
HVAC upgrades or replacements
Carpet and flooring
Roof replacement including gutters and downspouts
Painting
Repairing safety and health issues
Energy-efficient home improvements
Septic system improvements
And much more
In short, you can’t do anything structural (move load-bearing walls, add rooms) or change the footprint of the home.

So why choose the Limited 203k option? Because more lenders offer it than the full 203k. And, it’s a much simpler process than the standard option.

Standard 203k rehab loan

With the standard FHA 203k loan, you can do just about anything you want to the home, except non-permanent changes or adding luxury amenities.

Allowable projects using the standard 203k include:

Structural alterations
Converting a one-family home into a 2-, 3-, or 4-unit home, or vice versa
Connecting to public sewer or water
Some larger landscaping projects
Improving accessibility for disabled persons
Moving the house to a different site
For more information on the standard vs. limited 203k, see: Should You Choose A Standard Or Limited 203k?

What you can’t do with the 203k loan

While FHA 203k guidelines are fairly lenient, there are some things you cannot use the rehab funds for. For example:

Minor landscaping
Adding a luxury amenity like a tennis court, barbecue area, or swimming pool
Projects that will take longer than 6 months
In these cases, other options might be a better fit, such as getting a home equity loan after purchase, or other alternatives mentioned in the next section.

Home renovation loan alternatives

There are several reasons the FHA 203k might not be your best option.

You may need only a few thousand dollars for minor work, for example. Or your renovation might be too luxurious or pricey for FHA guidelines. You might want to do the work yourself.

Or you’d prefer a loan that doesn’t require mortgage insurance for life.

In that case, there are other loans, and at least one might be a better fit:

Home equity loan — Also called a second mortgage, these usually fixed-rate mortgages have higher interest rates, but cost less to originate and don’t require mortgage insurance. They are great for projects requiring a large sum upfront. The catch is that you need some home equity now, before you improve the property, because second mortgage lenders typically lend up to 90 percent of the as-is property value
HELOC — The home equity line of credit is a good option when you need flexibility or don’t need to borrow a lot at once. It usually has a variable interest rate, and you pay interest on the amounts you draw out. You can repay and re-use it up to your limit. Setup costs are low-to-none. Like the second mortgage, you need some existing home equity to get a HELOC
Fannie Mae’s HomeStyle mortgage — This loan program allows you to buy and rehab a home with just 5% down. It does not require a 1.75% upfront mortgage insurance premium like FHA does. And if your credit is good, your monthly mortgage insurance is cheaper as well. Finally, you get to cancel mortgage insurance once you have 22% home equity
Cash-out refinance — Like a HELOC or home equity loan, a cash-out refinance can tap into your existing home equity to finance your home improvements. But rather than adding a second mortgage, the new loan would also replace your existing mortgage along with providing cash for renovations. This is a great option when you’re refinancing to a shorter loan term or a lower interest rate compared to your current mortgage
For more information and help deciding which type of loan to use, see: 6 types of home improvement loans — which one is best for you?

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